Directory structure on linux is not the same with windows operating system, windows operating systems we would like to know the naming of the drive: Drive C:\, D:\, E:\ and so on, where drive is C:\ is the drive that is used for the system. Well how the directory structure in linux? On the linux operating system does not recognize drive C:\,D:\ etc. Linux uses a directory structure directory tree where the highest is directory / (pronounced root directory).
Linux directory structure follows the standard "Filesystem Hierarchy Structure (FHS)" is on hold by the Free Standards Group, although most distributions modify the standard. The following arrangement of folders in linux:
The directory structure in Linux in general begins with the root filesystem "/" and of course also a root or roots of the entire global directory. Partition in which the place / (root system) will be the main system directory or partition.
Directory /boot saves files including boot loader GRUB or LILO. Kernel, initrd and System.map also located in / boot. If the system is deployed using LVM partition or partitions in the network. So it is better made its own small partition to put /boot on my hard drive with a conventional filesystem. /boot is generally very rarely change it, unless indeed we often play around with the kernel.
Contains information related to the kernel, device and firmware.
- /sbin (read: super-binary)
Contains the binary files are essentially for systems and control systems. These files can be binary or application of this system if operated improperly can be potentially damaging.
Contains binary files or applications that are more general and can be used by all users.
Contains library files or binary libraries of all applications that are stored in the directory /sbin and /bin. These directories are also stored in various libraries used for other applications. The concept makes use of shared libraries in linux application can save size.
Directory whose contents are in fact not actually contain the file. The contents of /dev relates to devices contained in the system. Suppose for a USB port, serial ports, printer ports, can be enacted as read the file. Suppose serial devices located in /dev/tty01, then partition the hard disk called a /dev/sda6, and so forth.
/etc directory contains system configuration files. The majority of applications and services configuration stored in /etc including /etc/hosts, /etc/resolv.conf, /etc/wvdial.conf and so forth. Well for you who often surf ria must be familiar with the directory /etc, let alone ever who tinkers internet connection via bluetooth mobile phone, still remember? In the directory / /etc/init.d stored configuration of how a service is run. In the directory /etc/rc *. d stored configurations to determine the service that is run for each session init.
All the /home directory of the user stored in this directory with the name of each user as a grouping. For some linux systems be specified for the server, the user directories are still grouped again into the /home/users. Inside directory /home/user name stored configurations specific to the user. Therefore, different users, even though they remained in the same system environment and can get a completely different look. The /home directory is the directory of the most "close" to the user, where all the data you have can be stored in this directory, from mp3, film up to the document. Therefore, in order to limit the files in the user did not push the system files, it is very common to put the directory /home on separate partitions. It can withstand the files stored on the user up to a total of a certain size without disrupting the system space.
Is a directory to store the mount point directories. CD-ROM, DVD, flash disks, floppy disks will mounted in this directory. In modern distros, already provide facilities for the display devices are mounted to the front of the Desktop. So users need not bother anymore to go to /media to be able to access his flash disk but just look to the desktop and into the new directory made there. For workstations that integrate with the network, generally for mounting the storage network is also placed in the /media. With grouped such that it is easy to recognize that all that is in / media is storage media.
On the Linux are still in common use kernel 2.4.x. To collect the mount point is /mnt. Due to the 2.6.x kernel-based systems already use /media, /mnt is usually empty. /Mnt mount point can also be used as a rescue system or troubleshooting. Examples of the use of this partition is the case make a local repository of Ubuntu iso file (*. iso)
Several separate software packages use this directory to store the packets that do not go to any location, and is usually used to package proprietary, or direct application package includes binaries that can be directly executed.
A sub-hierarchy from the root filesystem is stored in /usr. In /usr stored applications and utilities specific to the user. If we look into the directory /usr then we will also find a directory similar to /bin, sbin and lib. Only applications and libraries are located /usr is not too critical for the system. For easy terms, /usr is where user installs the application itself is not an official of the distro. If users include people who often embellish their own applications beyond the default package provided for it distro, then the directory /usr is almost certain to swell quickly. It's good for the users of such systems, /usr is given its own partition. For applications that can be directly executed, the system will read the same Linux that exist in /bin and /usr/bin as well as to /sbin and /usr/sbin.
Is the home directory superuser (root). Please do not be confused with the root directory (/). Although calling it the same way, but altogether a very different function.
Directory /var directory whose contents are highly dynamic. If used in a server, it is advisable /var is to be placed in a separate partition because directory /var can swell very quickly. In addition, the directory /var partitions created its own or physically defined location, it can prevent internal fragmentation, and the search process file is not too far away, just around the cylinder that's it.
The /proc pseudo-filesystem which is also similar to /dev. The difference, /proc is purely related to the system and not related to the device. If we check the size of the use of space, do not be fooled by the /proc directory of recorded shows very large space consuming. All kinds of space that is written there was not contained in the disk storage media. So the /proc directory does not exist at all. The contents of /proc This is information from the system.
Is a system file that stores temporary files. Some distros will automatically clear the contents of /tmp when rebooting. /tmp directory has a very open fashion so it is easy to writeable by anyone. In / var /tmp is also used as the storage of temporary files, the difference between /var/tmp to /tmp ie /var/tmp will not be cleared when the system reboots.
In this directory linux save files that are successful in recover a system crash. By looking into the /lost+found maybe we can find lost files.
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